玛波《村官来电》
📝 作者简介 · Author Bio
玛波(沙红英),景颇族,女,1959年7月12日生,云南省德宏傣族景颇族自治州盈江县人,1978年高中毕业并参加工作,在《宏团结报》做记者、编辑、翻译工作,1987年7 月调德宏州文联,主编《文蚌》杂志,1994年担任《文蚌》杂志主编直至2014年退休。中共党员,副译审,大学本科学历。第五届云南省政协委员,第五届、第六届德宏州党代表,中国作家协会会员,中国少数民族文学学会理事,云南省作家协会会员。1991年
Ma Bo (Sha Hongying), a female writer of the Jingpo Ethnic Group, was born on July 12, 1959, in Yingjiang County, Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province. After graduating from high school in 1978, she was a journalist, editor, and translator for the "Jujituanjie Newspaper." In July 1987, she transferred to the Dehong Prefecture Writers' Association and became the chief editor of the "Wenbang" magazine. She remained the chief editor of "Wenbang" until her retirement in 2014. A member of the Communist Party of China, she holds a bachelor's degree and is a deputy chief translator. She has served as a member of the 5th Yunnan Provincial Political Consultative Conference, a delegate to the 5th and 6th Dehong Prefecture Party Congress, a member of the Chinese Writers' Assoc
中文原文 Chinese Source Text
早坤看着已经爬上龙腾山坡大湾子的悍马车,一肚子鬼火在肚子里燃烧,他醉眼昏花地看着邓拉端坐在刚才他坐过的位置跟人家走了,心头像是被几百根香棪刺戳着,百般难受。待车子消失在龙腾山林,打着酒嗝,蠕动了几下浓眉,又想出一计,到河塘对岸的柚木地,靠在一棵柚木树上,从包里取出号码簿,拨打着方燕的电话。
“喂,是哪个?”方燕掐着圆腰,在别墅水池旁接电话。
“我是五爷。你没有跟大发回家,你的情敌图洋回来,你老公他们到凯邦亚湖耍去了。”
“五爷,我就说了,这个死杨大发,县长请他都没有打扮得那么正版,今天他打扮得那么水滑,原来是会老情人去了。五爷,这个图洋,从我嫁进杨家那天起,就像个魔鬼一样搅着我的心,我为她哭干了眼泪,伤透了心,多少女人为她做出牺牲,今天是我把杨大发交给她,向她讨回我的幸福的时候了。五爷,感谢你给我报信,我要好好感谢你!”方燕放下电话,激动地拍着脑袋,回到堂屋,看着挂在天地国亲位旁的、长发披肩微笑着的黑白照片,自言自语道:图洋,你把灾难转嫁给我,我为你受尽了欺辱,今天你必须还我幸福。我怎么回去呢?空着手是不行的,带着礼物也没有意思,对了,背礼篮,景颇族最重视礼篮,我请斑色花饭店老板娘给我做一背礼篮。
几十个山头冒出蓝绿色的湖面,在微风下白色的浪花一排排地互相追逐着向小山包奔去。几个景颇族妇女熟练地独自划着竹筏打渔、收网。图洋指着渔妇们说:“邓拉瑞,景颇族祖祖辈辈是刀耕火种,未必想过当渔民,但是,户宋河电站改变了生存命运,她们放下锄头和砍刀,扎起竹排,当渔民了。你也一样,你未必想过当村民小组组长,但是,形式改变了你的命运,景颇族的历史几乎是女人们用背索背下来的,所以我们的头颅仍然要承载历史重任。你必须适应命运,现在你不再是早坤的婆娘,而是整个龙腾寨的组长了,你现在最想做什么?”
“问你呀,我还没有想清楚。”邓拉瑞迷茫地回答。
“这样吧,青少年是我们的未来,让他们远离毒品,就要拢住他们的心,提供学习、娱乐的环境,先把青少年组织起来,分组建立文艺组、篮球组、农业科技组、夜校等。让他们没有空闲的时间去接触毒品。”
“啊!”被急转弯的快艇冲起的水花溅到邓拉瑞的脸颊,她尖叫了一声。这声尖叫倒是让她轻松了许多。“是啊,我们村本来就有文蚌乐队,现在又把他们组织起来嘎。”
“今晚我给你起草一份举办青少年系列文化活动经费请示,后天先带你去县委宣传部要钱去。”
“真的?”邓拉瑞激动得一手将图洋的脖子勾过去,紧紧地抱住说:“我就知道你能帮我!”
“使那么大的劲搞什么?”杨大发把外衣脱了盖在图洋的头上说:“太阳太辣了,遮着点。”
划着竹筏的妇人,见快艇冲过来,把竹筏划向另一边,杨大发叫快艇放慢速度,挥手叫划竹排的妇人停下来,妇人停住问是不是要买鱼,杨大发问是否有鱼,妇人说有一箩鱼和半箩虾,他叫妇人将鱼虾送到岸上,他全部要了。杨大发问要多少钱,妇人说恐怕要好几百,称了才知道。杨大发说:“别称了,给你一千块够吗?” 妇人高兴地连连说够了。
他们三个在湖里兜了几圈回到出发点,杨大发叫卖鱼人将鱼虾分放在大塑料袋,开了钱拉走了,路上杨大发对图洋说,“去县城住大发宾馆。”
“我回家就不用住宾馆了。”图洋没有答应,她出神地望着车窗外,思考着怎么让邓拉瑞抓好生产工作。
来到龙腾山头,东边远处,大盈江水从山间跑出来,渐流渐大,下游被虎跳峡堵住去路,在芒允和弄璋之间汇聚成白茫茫一片大江。太阳的余晖从茂空山返照在大盈江上,水泛着金色,闪闪发光。
The Call from the Village Official
回家的时候,村里一位哥哥问我,是否还存有十多年前他家老房子的相片?我的心里不禁闪过一丝不安。我在不安什么?是一栋一栋拔地而起的新房子吗?还是越来越多的陌生面孔和新鲜血液?我不认识他们,他们也不认识我。那是一种既熟悉又陌生的气息。此时,我才能理解唐代诗人贺知章《回乡偶书》里所寄予的情感和心底的触动。那是一种无法言说的悲凉。我开始重新打量我的村庄。
我的村庄是仫佬族发源地之一,也是仫佬族最大的村寨之一,从四座门楼遗址看,每座门楼有其管辖的区域,门楼两旁的房子以连片的形式围拢在一起,建有高高的城墙。四座门楼错落有致,一座比一座往里靠,形成一环扣一环,像是为了抵御外敌而设置的一道道屏障。
门楼的石壁上,有被粗大栅栏长期磨合的痕迹。看门廊的凿孔,每道门应设有三重防护,再横向加固,若有人要想从门楼硬撞,确实不易。门楼前还有青石雕琢的石狮子驻守,以示威严。
行走在寂静的村巷中,你会发现一个有趣的现象,所有的老房子,在临路的那面墙和大门前都设有小洞眼,试想,在那兵荒马乱的年代,这样的设计其目的显而易见。再抬头仰望,你会发现这些老房子的屋檐下都写有字画。有的抄录《滕王阁诗》《陋室铭》,有的写着“善似青松恶似花,青松冷淡不如花;有朝一日浓霜降,只见青松不见花……”还有的诗句内容偏向于对联。其中有座房檐下的落款日期为“庚午年”,但究竟是1750、1810还是1870年就不得而知了。除了书法,有的还画有画,或亭台楼榭、细水长流,或鲤鱼戏水、花鸟和鸣。最具特色的当数花飞凤翼图案了,这种图案也常在刺绣品中出现。我突然觉得,这些老房子那么美,青砖黛瓦,斑斓肃穆,一股独特的冲击力扑面而来。
走进老房子,最突兀显眼的当数堂屋大门右则或左则的地炉了。早在明嘉庆年间田汝成的《炎缴纪闻》中就有仫佬人“掘地为炉,燃烧白煤” 的记载。造地炉得先掘地三尺,用火砖砌筑成四方形,底部架三、四根小指般粗细的钢筋作炉桥,炉旁埋有一个带盖子的瓦罐用来装水,使得一年四季都有热水供应。炉尾设有炉仓,用来贮存烧剩的煤渣。如果是冬天,小孩常把脚伸到炉仓里取暖。当然,一日三餐也是在地炉上解决的。特别是冬天,一家人围炉而坐,打边炉吃火锅,其乐融融。
仫佬人饮食清淡,喜食粥与酸。特别是早、中餐,常常是粥配酸食用而不另煮菜。家家都备有几个酸坛,酸有很多种,蒜头、萝卜、豆角、刀豆等等,配上辣椒便可食用,口感酸、脆、辣,十分开胃。只有在晚餐时,才会吃得隆重一些。逢年过节时,晚餐常常会有鸡鸭鱼肉,煮熟之后一定要先摆桌供祖,五杯酒、五碗饭、十双筷,正好一桌。香火坛上焚香三炷,每个门上也各插一炷,然后隔一段时间敬一次酒,酒敬三巡才算祭祀完毕,以示不忘先祖恩泽。
不忘先祖更敬畏神灵!村庄里有宗祠、有庙观,各路神灵各司其职。香火最旺的当数掌管生育、保护儿童的婆王,每有小孩满月都要去祭拜,拜完婆王后遇人便发喜糖、粽子,分享喜悦与感谢庇护,场面堪比圣诞老人派发礼物有过之而无不及。
祭祀活动最为隆重、最为独特的是依饭节。据旧志记载,此节兴于1386年间,是为祈求驱灾除难、人畜兴旺、五谷丰登而祭。依饭节要请道公到祠堂开坛做道场,载歌载舞三天三夜,其祭祀活动之繁杂、宗教色彩之浓郁堪称集仫佬族宗教信仰之大成。2006年,该节已被列入第一批国家级非物质文化遗产名录。
仫佬人能歌善舞,生活俭朴,历有“服色尚青”一说。在重要的节日里或婚恋的时候,男子穿着对襟的青衣,女子穿着斜襟的青衣,到山坡上、大树下“走坡”唱山歌互诉衷肠。山歌以两男两女对歌的形式进行,每一方又分主唱与和声,一人唱词一人低喃配音重唱,四句一首,抑扬顿挫,婉转动听。
说到青衣,它要比其他民族服饰多了一道工序——抛光,使布匹光亮好看又耐用。我家隔壁正好是抛光作坊,我常到他们家观看抛光。整个制作工具是由三块不同形状的青石组成的。镶在地板上的是一块平整光滑的四方形青石板,青石板上面是一块元宝形的大石块,青石板与元宝石块的中间夹着擀面棒状的石条,大如小腿,溜光溜光的。抛光时先把布匹铺在青石板上,双脚踩在元宝石的两端,双手拉着横梁上的绳套子,石条在元宝石的推动下来回滚动碾压,布匹便渐渐泛出光亮来。
岁月斑驳,时过境迁,我想,不管时光如何飞逝,只要心存执念,保持最初的本真,那么流逝的只是岁月,村庄还在延续古老的故事!
English Translation 英文译文
Zao Kun glared at the Hummer that had already ascended the mountain slope of Longteng, his heart seething with anger. His drunken eyes hazily followed Deng La as she took the seat he had just vacated, leaving with someone else. The sight felt like hundreds of thorns stabbing his heart, causing immense discomfort. As the car disappeared into the Longteng mountains, he burped loudly from the alcohol, furrowed his thick eyebrows a few times, and devised another plan. He went to the teak forest across the riverbank, leaned against a sturdy tree, and retrieved a phone directory from his bag. With a shaky hand, he dialled Fang Yan's number.
"Hello, who is it?" Fang Yan's voice came through, her round waist pinched as she answered the phone next to the pool in her villa.
"It's Uncle Wu. You didn't go home with Yang Dafa, and your rival Tu Yang has returned. Your husband and his friends have gone to Kaibangya Lake for fun."
"Uncle Wu, I told you, this damn Yang Dafa! The county leader invited him, but he didn’t dress up formally. Yet today, he’s all dressed up nicely to meet his old flame. Uncle Wu, this Tu Yang has been a demon tormenting my heart since the day I married into the Yang family. I've cried myself dry over her, broken my heart countless times. Today, it's time to give Yang Dafa back to her and reclaim my happiness. Uncle Wu, thank you for informing me. I must properly thank you!" Fang Yan hung up the phone, excitedly patted her head, and returned to the main room. She looked at the black-and-white photo of Tu Yang, smiling with long hair flowing down her shoulders, hanging next to the portrait of her ancestors. She whispered, "Tu Yang, you transferred your misfortunes to me, and I've suffered countless insults because of you. Today, you must give me back my happiness. How do I go back? It's not good to go empty-handed, and bringing gifts seems meaningless. Right, I'll carry a gift basket. The Jingpo people value gift baskets the most. I'll ask the owner of Bansehua Restaurant to prepare one for me."
The blue-green surface of the lake emerged from amidst dozens of hilltops. Under the gentle breeze, white waves chased each other in rows towards the small hills: several Jingpo women skillfully paddled bamboo rafts alone, fishing and collecting nets. Tu Yang pointed at the fishermen and said, "Deng Lara, the Jingpo people have farmed with knives and fire for generations, never considering becoming fishermen. However, the Husong River Power Station has changed its destiny. They put down their hoes and machetes, tied up bamboo rafts, and became fishermen. You are the same. You never thought of becoming the leader of the village group, but circumstances have altered your fate. The history of the Jingpo people is almost carried on the backs of women, so our heads still have to bear the heavy responsibility of history. It would be best if you adapted to fate. Now, you're no longer Zao Kun's wife but the leader of the entire Longteng village. What do you want to do most now?"
"I don't know yet," Deng Lara replied, confused.
"Alright, the youth are our future. To keep them away from drugs, we need to capture their hearts and provide an environment for learning and entertainment. First, organise the youth and establish cultural arts, basketball, agricultural technology, and night school groups. Keep them too busy to come into contact with drugs."
"Ah!" Deng Lara screamed as the spray from the fast-turning speedboat splashed her. The scream made her feel a lot more relaxed. "Yes, our village already has a Wenbang band. Let's reorganize them."
"I'll draft a request for funds for holding a series of cultural activities for the youth tonight and take you to the County Propaganda Department to ask for money the day after tomorrow."
"Really?" Deng Lara excitedly reached out and hugged Tu Yang's neck tightly. "I knew you could help me!"
"What's with the force?" Yang Dafa removed his jacket and draped it over Tu Yang's head, saying, "The sun is too strong; cover up a bit."
The woman paddling the bamboo raft noticed the speedboat approaching and steered to the opposite side. Yang Dafa signalled for the speedboat to slow down and waved at the woman to stop. She paused and asked if he wanted to buy fish. Yang Dafa inquired if she had any, and the woman replied that she had a basketful of fish and half a basket of shrimp. He then requested that she bring the fish and shrimp to the shore, as he intended to buy them all. When Yang Dafa asked about the price, the woman estimated it would be several hundred yuan, though they would need to weigh them to be specific. Yang Dafa responded, "Don't bother weighing them. Is a thousand yuan enough?" The woman happily agreed.
After circling the lake a few times, they returned to the starting point. Yang Dafa instructed the fish seller to separate the fish and shrimp into large plastic bags, paid her, and left. On the way, Yang Dafa told Tu Yang, "Let's stay at the Dafa Hotel in the county town."
"I don't need to stay at a hotel if I'm going home," Tu Yang replied, absentmindedly staring out the car window, pondering how to encourage Deng Larui to improve production.
Arriving at the peak of Longteng Mountain, they gazed out towards the distant east, where the Daying River emerged from the mountains, gradually swelling as it flowed downstream. Blocked by Tiger Leap Gorge, it converged into a vast river between Mangyun and Nongzhang. The afterglow of the setting sun reflected on the Daying River, its waters shimmering with a golden hue.第34章 仫佬族:桐雨《我的村庄》
On my way home, a villager approached me, inquiring if I still had photographs of his old house from over a decade ago. A faint sense of unease crept into my mind. What was I uneasy about? Was it the new houses sprouting up one after another? Or the growing number of unfamiliar faces and fresh energies? I didn’t know them, and they didn’t know me. It was a feeling of familiarity mixed with strangeness. In that moment, I finally comprehended the sentiments and heartfelt touches expressed in the poem "Returning to My Homeland" by the Tang Dynasty poet He Zhizhang. It was a kind of indescribable sadness. I began to reexamine my village.
My village is one of the birthplaces of the Mulao ethnic group and one of its largest settlements. From the ruins of the four gate towers, one can see that each tower had its jurisdiction area, with houses clustered on both sides and tall city walls built around them. The four gate towers were arranged in a staggered pattern, each set slightly inward from the last, forming a series of concentric rings, barriers designed to resist external enemies.
On the stone walls of the gate towers, there were traces of long-term wear and tear from coarse fences. The chiselled holes in the porch indicated that each gate must have had triple reinforcement and be horizontally secured, making it difficult for anyone to crash through. Blue stone-carved lion statues stood guard before the gate tower, exuding a sense of majesty.
Walking through the quiet village lanes, you will notice an interesting phenomenon: all the old houses have small holes in the wall facing the road and the front door. In those turbulent times, the purpose of such a design was apparent. Looking up, you will find that these old houses have calligraphy and paintings under the eaves. Some copied "The Poem of the Pavilion of Prince Teng" and "The Inscription of the Humble Room," while others bore phrases like, "Goodness is like a pine tree, evil is like a flower; the pine tree is indifferent and not as charming as a flower. But when a heavy frost falls, only the pine tree remains, and the flower disappears..." Some even contained couplet-like poetry. The date inscribed under one eave was "the year of Gengwu," but whether it was 1750, 1810, or 1870 is unknown. Besides calligraphy, some also had paintings depicting pavilions, flowing streams, carp playing in the water, and birds and flowers singing together. The most distinctive pattern was the phoenix wings with flowers flying, which is also common in embroidery. Suddenly, these old houses seemed so beautiful, with blue bricks and black tiles, colourful and solemn, exuding a unique charm.
The most prominent feature of the old houses is the hearth on either side of the main room's door. As early as the Jiaqing period of the Ming Dynasty, Tian Rucheng's "Yan Jiao Ji Wen" recorded that the Mulao people "dug the ground to make a stove and burned white coal." To build a hearth, one had to dig three feet into the ground and construct a square shape with fire bricks. Three or four small finger-sized steel bars were placed as a stone bridge at the bottom. A covered earthenware jar was buried next to the stove to hold water, ensuring a hot water supply throughout the year. A stove compartment was set at the rear of the stove to store the remaining coal residue. Children often stuck their feet into the stove compartment in winter to keep warm. Of course, meals were also prepared on the hearth. Especially in winter, the whole family gathered around the stove, enjoying a joy-filled hot pot.
Mulao prefers a light diet and primarily consumes porridge and sour foods. Particularly for breakfast and lunch, they often enjoy porridge paired with sour ingredients, preceding the need for additional dishes. Each household typically possesses several sour pots containing various fermented ingredients such as garlic, radishes, beans, and knife beans. When combined with chilli peppers, these ingredients create a tangy, crisp, and spicy flavour that is highly appetising. Only at dinner do they dine more formally. During festivals and holidays, dinner usually includes chicken, duck, fish, and meat. After cooking, the food is placed on the table as an offering to the ancestors, accompanied by five cups of wine, five bowls of rice, and ten pairs of chopsticks, forming a complete setting. Three incense sticks are burned on the altar, and one is placed at each door. Wine is then offered periodically, and the ritual concludes after three rounds of offerings, expressing gratitude for the ancestors' benevolence.
Reverence for ancestors and respect for divine spirits are deeply ingrained in the village culture. Ancestral temples and shrines dedicated to various gods are typical, with the Goddess of Fertility and Child Protection receiving the highest reverence. Whenever a child reaches a whole month, a pilgrimage is made to worship her. After the ceremony, candies and zongzi (glutinous rice dumplings) are distributed to those encountered, sharing the joy and gratitude for her blessings. This scene rivals, if not surpasses, the image of Santa Claus distributing gifts.
The Yifan Festival is the most solemn and unique sacrificial event for the Mulao people. According to historical records, this festival originated in 1386 and was intended to pray for disaster relief, the prosperity of people and livestock, and abundant harvests. During the Yifan Festival, Taoist priests are invited to perform rituals in the ancestral temple, with singing and dancing continuing for three days and nights. The complexity of the sacrificial activities and the rich religious significance highlights the culmination of the Mulao ethnic group's spiritual beliefs. 2006, this festival was included in the first batch of national-level intangible cultural heritage lists.
The Mulao people are skilled in singing and dancing and lead simple lives. It is said that "the colour of their clothing favours blue." During significant festivals or weddings, men wear blue jackets with front buttons, while women wear blue jackets with slanted buttons. They gather on hillsides or under large trees to "walk the slopes" and sing folk songs to express their deepest thoughts. Folk songs are typically sung in duets by two men and two women, each pair having a lead singer and a harmony singer. One sings the lyrics while the other whispers and harmonises, creating a duet. Each song consists of four lines, alternating rises and falls in tone, producing a harmonious and pleasant sound.
The production process of their blue jackets involves an additional step compared to other ethnic costumes—polishing, which makes the fabric shiny, attractive, and durable. My neighbour owns a polishing workshop, and I often visit to watch the process. The entire toolset consists of three differently shaped bluestones. A flat and smooth square bluestone is embedded in the floor, with a sizeable yuan bao-shaped stone placed on top. A stick-like stone, as large as a calf's leg and smooth as glass, is sandwiched between the square bluestone and the yuanbao stone. During polishing, the fabric is laid on the square bluestone, and then one steps on both ends of the yuan bao stone while holding onto a rope loop on the crossbeam. The stick-like stone rolls back and forth under the push of the yuanbao stone, gradually making the fabric shine.
As time passes and the world evolves, I firmly believe that no matter how swiftly time moves, as long as one holds onto one's convictions and preserves one's original nature, only the years will pass. The village will continue to narrate its ancient stories!